Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: A Virus-Packageable CRISPR Screen Identifies Host Factors Mediating Interferon Inhibition of HIV

doi: 10.1101/363432

Figure Lengend Snippet: A : The deletion in the U3 region of the SIN LTR vector (lentiCRISPRv2) was repaired by inserting the full-length HIV-1 LAI LTR sequence to create the HIV-CRISPR construct. B : The ISG-targeting sgRNA library (15,348 unique sgRNA sequences) was synthesized and assembled into the HIV-CRISPR backbone to create the PIKA HIV ( P ackageable I SG K nockout A ssembly) library. C : THP-1 cells containing the PIKA HIV CRISPR knockout library were stimulated overnight with 1000 U/mL IFNα and infected with HIV-1 LAI in duplicate infections. Viral RNA and genomic DNA were collected 3 days post infection and sgRNA sequences present in virions (vRNA) and genomic DNA (gDNA) were quantified through RT-PCR/PCR and deep sequencing. D : Average enrichment of sgRNA sequences in the viral RNA (vRNA) was compared to their representation in the sequenced genomic DNA (gDNA) (n=2). Y-Axis : Log 2 -normalized Fold Change (log 2 FC) of vRNA sgRNA sequences as compared to gDNA sgRNA sequences. X-Axis : random order of individual sgRNAs. The 200 non-targeting control (NTC) sgRNAs are shown in gray. The most enriched sgRNA sequences are in cyan (top 500), most depleted in orange (bottom 500) and other sgRNA sequences are in white. E : MAGeCK Gene analysis was performed to identify the highest-scoring genes based on sgRNA frequencies for each gene across both replicates. An NTC gene set was created in silico by iteratively binning the 200 Non-Targeting Control sgRNA sequences into NTC Genes. Y-Axis : −log 10 MAGeCK Gene Score. The type I IFN pathway genes IFNAR1, IRF9, STAT1 and STAT2 are shown in magenta. Non-Targeting Controls (NTCs) are in gray. Candidate Hits are cyan. The top 20-scoring genes across replicate screens are shown.

Article Snippet: lentiCRISPRv2 plasmid was a gift from Feng Zhang (Addgene #52961). lentiCRISPRv2-mCherry was a gift from Agata Smogorzewska (Addgene # 99154). pMD2.G and psPAX2 were gifts from Didier Trono (Addgene #12259/12260). lentiCRISPRv2 constructs targeting genes of interest were cloned into BsmBI-digested lentiCRISPRv2 by annealing complementary oligos (Supplemental Table S5) with overhangs that allow directional cloning into lentiCRISPRv2.

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation, Sequencing, CRISPR, Construct, Synthesized, Knock-Out, Infection, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, In Silico

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: A Virus-Packageable CRISPR Screen Identifies Host Factors Mediating Interferon Inhibition of HIV

doi: 10.1101/363432

Figure Lengend Snippet: A : Clonal MxB-KO THP-1 lines generated by transducing with an MxB-targeting sgRNA/lentiCRISPRv2 construct, selection and single-cell sorting. Western blot for MxB expression with and without IFNα stimulation overnight is shown for wild type (wt) THP-1 cells; MxB-KO clones were all IFNα treated overnight. Note: the lower molecular weight band in some lanes results from initiation at an internal Met codon that would not be predicted to have anti-HIV activity ( ; ). B : Nine individual clonal THP-1 lines (white/gray bars) along with 5 clonal THP-1 MxB-KO lines (pink bars) were pre-treated with IFNα overnight and infected with wt HIV-1 LAI . The percentage of cells expressing HIV p24gag was assayed 2 days post-infection by intracellular staining and flow cytometry (n = 3). Light bars = no IFN; Dark bars = overnight IFNα treatment prior to infection. C : The Fold Inhibition (%p24+ cells without IFN/%p24+ cells with IFNα) calculated for each clonal line for wt HIV-1 LAI infections from the data in Panel B. Controls = gray; MxB-KO = magenta. Dotted line at a Fold Inhibition of 1 = no IFN inhibition. D : Individual clonal control THP-1 lines (gray) along with MxB-KO clonal lines (magenta) were infected with VSV-G pseudotyped HIV both with and without IFNα pretreatment (n = 3). Fold Inhibition was calculated as in C. Dotted line: Fold Inhibition of 1 = no IFN inhibition. *p=0.0014 (unpaired t test). E : The PIKA HIV screen was performed in triplicate in wild type THP-1 cells. Y-Axis: IFN induction as determined by Differential Expression Analysis of microarray data in THP-1 cells (log 2 FoldChange). X-Axis: MAGeCK Gene Scores for Top 25 Hits. Magenta: IFN pathway genes (IFNAR1, STAT1, STAT2, IRF9). Cyan: highly-IFN induced, high-scoring candidate Hits. White: non-IFN induced genes including ZAP, N4BP1, and SLC35A2.

Article Snippet: lentiCRISPRv2 plasmid was a gift from Feng Zhang (Addgene #52961). lentiCRISPRv2-mCherry was a gift from Agata Smogorzewska (Addgene # 99154). pMD2.G and psPAX2 were gifts from Didier Trono (Addgene #12259/12260). lentiCRISPRv2 constructs targeting genes of interest were cloned into BsmBI-digested lentiCRISPRv2 by annealing complementary oligos (Supplemental Table S5) with overhangs that allow directional cloning into lentiCRISPRv2.

Techniques: Generated, Construct, Selection, FACS, Western Blot, Expressing, Clone Assay, Molecular Weight, Activity Assay, Infection, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Inhibition, Microarray

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: A Virus-Packageable CRISPR Screen Identifies Host Factors Mediating Interferon Inhibition of HIV

doi: 10.1101/363432

Figure Lengend Snippet: A : THP-1 cell pools edited for gene targets of interest were created by transducing wild type THP-1 cells with lentiCRISPRv2 sgRNA constructs (2 different sgRNAs - for STAT1, STAT2, IRF9, MxB, TRIM5 and Tetherin, and 3 for IFITM1), selected for 2 weeks to allow gene knockout (see Supplemental Table 6 for analysis of gene knockout efficiency) and infected with HIV-1 LAI with and without IFNα pretreatment in triplicate (white bars = no IFNα, gray bars = +IFNα). The percentage of cells expressing HIV p24gag was assayed 2 days post-infection by intracellular staining and flow cytometry. NTC n=9. MxB_2 n=6. All other pools n=3. B : The Fold Inhibition (%p24+ cells without IFN/%p24+ cells with IFNα) is shown for each KO pool. Control (NTC) = gray; IFN pathway genes = magenta. MxB = Cyan. TRIM5 = Green. IFITM1 = Purple. Tetherin = Yellow. Cells pools with significantly reduced Fold Inhibition as compared to the NTC pools *p<0.05 (unpaired t test). C : Virus release from the clonal NTC (white/gray) or MxB-KO clones (pink) from as measured with a viral RT assay at 3 days post-infection with HIV-1 LAI with and without IFNα (light bars = no IFN; dark bars = IFNα). D : The Fold Inhibition (RT mU/mL without IFN/RT mU/mL with IFNα) calculated for each clonal line. Controls = gray; MxB-KO = magenta. Dotted line: Fold Inhibition of 1 = no IFN inhibition. E : THP-1 cell pools (NTC_1 and NTC_2 = gray; Tetherin-KO pools = blue) created by transduction with lentiCRISPRv2 lentiviral vectors were infected in triplicate with Vpu-deficient HIV (HIV-1 LAI Δvpu) or wild type HIV (wt HIV-1 LAI ). The HIV LAI Δvpu contains a frameshift mutation in Vpu upstream of the env open reading frame. IFNα was added 16 hours post-infection and T-20 fusion inhibitor was added 24 hours post-infection. The amount of reverse transcriptase (RT) activity released into the supernatant was then normalized to the percentage of p24+ cells in order to directly quantify virus release per infected cell in the presence of IFN (RT mU/mL/%p24+ cells in culture).

Article Snippet: lentiCRISPRv2 plasmid was a gift from Feng Zhang (Addgene #52961). lentiCRISPRv2-mCherry was a gift from Agata Smogorzewska (Addgene # 99154). pMD2.G and psPAX2 were gifts from Didier Trono (Addgene #12259/12260). lentiCRISPRv2 constructs targeting genes of interest were cloned into BsmBI-digested lentiCRISPRv2 by annealing complementary oligos (Supplemental Table S5) with overhangs that allow directional cloning into lentiCRISPRv2.

Techniques: Construct, Gene Knockout, Infection, Expressing, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Inhibition, Clone Assay, Transduction, Mutagenesis, Activity Assay

Journal: Cell Reports

Article Title: De novo steroidogenesis in tumor cells drives bone metastasis and osteoclastogenesis

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113936

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: The constructed lentiCRISPRv2 plasmid together with the packaging plasmids, psPAX2 (Addgene, 12260) and pMD2.G (Addgene, 12259) were transfected into HEK293T cells.

Techniques: Virus, shRNA, Recombinant, Modification, Staining, RNA Library Preparation, TaqMan Assay, Competitive ELISA, RNA Sequencing, Plasmid Preparation, Software, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Variant-to-function mapping of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease GWAS signals in human microglial cell models implicates RTFDC1 at the CASS4 locus

doi: 10.1101/2024.08.22.609230

Figure Lengend Snippet: Separated images of whole protein stain (left) and DDK-tagged RTFDC1 (right) from immunoblot in ( RTFDC1 lentiviral overexpression system). Each lane represents a different lentiviral transduction.

Article Snippet: CRISPR-Cas9 mediated deletion of the approximately 400bp region surrounding the proxy SNP (rs6024870) at the CASS4 GWAS locus was achieved using a pooled lentiviral mCherry construct (lentiCRISPR v2-mCherry, Addgene 99154) containing one sgRNA on each side of the target region. sgRNAs were designed with CRISPOR , purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies, and cloned into the lentiCRISPR v2-mCherry plasmid by modified Golden Gate reaction – .

Techniques: Staining, Western Blot, Over Expression, Transduction

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Variant-to-function mapping of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease GWAS signals in human microglial cell models implicates RTFDC1 at the CASS4 locus

doi: 10.1101/2024.08.22.609230

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Same as for IL-8 secretion, but including mock lentiviral overexpression vector (LentiMock) in the analysis. ** P <0.001 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD. (B) Same as for IL-6 secretion, but including mock lentiviral overexpression vector (LentiMock) in the analysis. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD.

Article Snippet: CRISPR-Cas9 mediated deletion of the approximately 400bp region surrounding the proxy SNP (rs6024870) at the CASS4 GWAS locus was achieved using a pooled lentiviral mCherry construct (lentiCRISPR v2-mCherry, Addgene 99154) containing one sgRNA on each side of the target region. sgRNAs were designed with CRISPOR , purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies, and cloned into the lentiCRISPR v2-mCherry plasmid by modified Golden Gate reaction – .

Techniques: Over Expression, Plasmid Preparation

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Variant-to-function mapping of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease GWAS signals in human microglial cell models implicates RTFDC1 at the CASS4 locus

doi: 10.1101/2024.08.22.609230

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Table displaying number of fluorescent nuclei quantified for each genotype and condition in the γH2AX staining experiment. (B) Same as , but including non-targeting siRNA control (NTControl) in the analysis. ** P <2.2×10 −16 by two-way ANOVA (genotype by condition) with Tukey’s HSD. (C) Same as , but including mock lentiviral overexpression vector (LentiMock) in the analysis. ** P <2.2×10 −16 by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD.

Article Snippet: CRISPR-Cas9 mediated deletion of the approximately 400bp region surrounding the proxy SNP (rs6024870) at the CASS4 GWAS locus was achieved using a pooled lentiviral mCherry construct (lentiCRISPR v2-mCherry, Addgene 99154) containing one sgRNA on each side of the target region. sgRNAs were designed with CRISPOR , purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies, and cloned into the lentiCRISPR v2-mCherry plasmid by modified Golden Gate reaction – .

Techniques: Staining, Control, Over Expression, Plasmid Preparation